Decellularized extracellular matrix: New promising and challenging biomaterials for regenerative medicine

Mika Brown; Jianyu Li; Christopher Moraes; Maryam Tabrizian; Nicole Y K Li-Jessen

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121786

Decellularized extracellular matrix: New promising and challenging biomaterials for regenerative medicine

Biomaterials. 2022 Oct:289:121786. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121786. Epub 2022 Sep 3.

Authors

Mika Brown¹, Jianyu Li², Christopher Moraes³, Maryam Tabrizian⁴, Nicole Y K Li-Jessen⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Canada.
² Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Canada.
³ Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Canada.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Canada; Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Canada. Electronic address: maryam.tabrizian@mcgill.ca.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Canada; School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Canada; Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Canada. Electronic address: nicole.li@mcgill.ca.

PMID: 36116171
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121786

Abstract

Extracellular matrix is rich in biomolecules including structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans, and small molecules that are important for the maintenance and repair of tissue. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is expected to retain these key biomolecules and makes it a promising biomaterial candidate for regenerative medicine applications. To date, dECM-particle based biomaterials have been developed to engineer over 15 tissue types or organs, with the ultimate goal of mimicking specific biological and physical properties of the native tissue. The most common scaffold types are injectable hydrogels, electrospun scaffolds and bioprinted scaffolds. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight key challenges, fabrication methods and progress made for each tissue type, along with the discussion of other elements that are integral to push dECM biomaterials towards effective and specialized tissue repair.

Keywords: Bioprinted scaffolds; Decellularized extracellular matrix; Electrospun scaffolds; Injectable hydrogels; Tissue engineering.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biocompatible Materials* / chemistry
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix
Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
Glycosaminoglycans / metabolism
Hydrogels / metabolism
Hydrogels / therapeutic use
Regenerative Medicine*
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry

Substances

Biocompatible Materials
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix
Glycosaminoglycans
Hydrogels

Grants and funding

R01 DC018577/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States