Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement with Radiopacity Introduced by ZrO2

Lidia Ciołek; Zbigniew Jaegermann; Ewa Zaczyńska; Anna Czarny; Monika Biernat; Arkadiusz Gąsiński; Agnieszka Jastrzębska; Michał Gloc; Andrzej Olszyna

doi:10.1155/2022/9574245

Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement with Radiopacity Introduced by ZrO₂

Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2022 Sep 6:2022:9574245. doi: 10.1155/2022/9574245. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Lidia Ciołek¹, Zbigniew Jaegermann¹, Ewa Zaczyńska², Anna Czarny², Monika Biernat¹, Arkadiusz Gąsiński³, Agnieszka Jastrzębska⁴, Michał Gloc⁴, Andrzej Olszyna⁴

Affiliations

¹ Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Ceramic and Concrete Division in Warsaw, Biomaterials Research Group, Cementowa 8, 31-983 Kraków, Poland.
² Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 12 Rudolf Weigl Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
³ Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Ceramic and Concrete Division in Warsaw, Ceramic Technology Research Group, Cementowa 8, 31-983 Kraków, Poland.
⁴ Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland.

Abstract

The article presents the results of in vitro studies on cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of new MTA-type cements, developed on the basis of the sintered tricalcium silicate enriched with ZnO, along with an agent introducing the radiopacity in the form of ZrO₂. The new materials have been developed to ensure that their physical and chemical properties are suited for endodontic applications. The cements were evaluated via characterisation of setting time, compressive strength, as well as translucency on X-ray images, and bioactivity in the simulated body fluid (SBF). The μCT was used to test the influence of the ZrO₂ grains in the powder component on the microstructure of the produced cement. Then, the cytotoxic action of the cements was evaluated by applying a reference L-929 cell line. The conditions of the culture upon contact with the tested materials or with extracts from the cements were assessed using image analysis or an MTT colorimetric assay. Two strains of streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, were used to study the antibacterial activity of the tested cements with ZrO₂ acting as the agent introducing the radiopacity. The new cements are characterised by appropriate properties as far as retrograde root canal filling is concerned.