An unusual case of subacute combined degeneration due to nitrous oxide abuse, which relapsed after bariatric surgery: A case report

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Sep 2;101(35):e30442. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030442.

Abstract

Rationale: Several studies have reported subacute combined degeneration (SCD) induced by nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse. However, few studies have reported that N2O-induced SCD recurred because of sleeve gastrectomy after neurological symptoms improved.

Patient concerns: We report the case of an 18-year-old woman who developed paresthesia, weakness in 4 limbs, and an unstable gait after frequent, excessive N2O inhalation.

Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed as having SCD.

Interventions and outcomes: Nineteen days after intravenous mecobalamin and supplementation with other kinds of vitamin B, her weakness and paresthesia resolved. However, 7 months after discharge, the patient experienced recurrence following sleeve gastrectomy. Blood biochemistry revealed low vitamin B12 levels. After a 22-day treatment, similar to the first hospitalization, her residual numbness and unsteady gait improved.

Lessons: This case highlights that patients, especially those at high risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, undergoing sleeve gastrectomy require careful nutritional follow-up and routine monitoring of micronutrients such as vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Continuous vigilance is essential for patients with common and rare neurological complications.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Bariatric Surgery* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Gait Disorders, Neurologic*
  • Homocysteine
  • Humans
  • Nitrous Oxide / adverse effects
  • Paresthesia
  • Subacute Combined Degeneration* / chemically induced
  • Subacute Combined Degeneration* / etiology
  • Vitamin B 12 / adverse effects
  • Vitamin B Complex* / pharmacology
  • Vitamin B Complex* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Homocysteine
  • Vitamin B Complex
  • Nitrous Oxide
  • Vitamin B 12