Ghanaian women's perception on cervical cancer threat, severity, and the screening benefits: A qualitative study at Shai Osudoku District, Ghana

Evans Appiah Osei; Mary Ani-Amponsah

doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100274

Ghanaian women's perception on cervical cancer threat, severity, and the screening benefits: A qualitative study at Shai Osudoku District, Ghana

Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 May 16:3:100274. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100274. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Authors

Evans Appiah Osei¹, Mary Ani-Amponsah²

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Valley View University, Ghana. P.O. Box DT 595, Oyibi, Ghana.
² Faculty - University of Ghana, Ghana, West Africa.

Abstract

Objective: Cervical is one of the topmost causes of fatalities worldwide with mortality and incidence rates highest in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. The knowledge about cervical cancer threat and severity has not been extensively studied in most developing and developed countries of which Ghana is not exempted. The study, therefore, aimed to explore the views of women about cervical cancer threat, severity, and the benefits of cervical cancer screening in rural communities in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.

Study design: Qualitative exploratory descriptive design was used to purposively sample 17 participants.

Methods: The data collection tool was pretested among 4 women from women to ensure its trustworthiness. Participants were interviewed face to face using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were recorded with audio recorders, transcribed verbatim and content analyzed. Ethics approval was obtained from Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research Institutional Review Board (NMIMR-IRB).

Results: Findings of this study discovered that participants perceived Cervical cancer (CC) as serious on the basis that it is causing death of most women and lead to depression, isolation and thoughts of suicide, and poor sexual performance. Almost all the women in this study were aware that cervical cancer screening (CCS) is beneficial in the early detection of cervical cancer and protecting women against cervical cancer in order to reduce the mortalities associated with cervical cancer. In conclusion, there is high perceived severity to CC and benefits of CCS and hence other studies could be done to assess the uptake of the screening and willingness to participate in the screening among these participants. It is expected that this high perceived severity and benefits will translate into their practices of CCS and hence other researchers could explore this phenomenon.

Keywords: Benefits; Cervical cancer; Cervical cancer screening; Ghana; Qualitative study; Rural; Severity; Threat; Women.