Phytochemical Analysis and Immunomodulatory Potential on Diabetic-Infected Tuberculosis by Fruit Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen

Abstract

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt; Etlingera rubroloba&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;E. rubroloba&lt;/i&gt;) A.D. Poulsen is an endemic plant in South-East Sulawesi and is a newly discovered species. This plant is expected to have the potential as an immunomodulator in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which can prevent tuberculosis infection by increasing the phagocytic function of macrophage cells and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of the fruit of &lt;i&gt;E. rubroloba&lt;/i&gt; A.D. Poulsen using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was carried out. The immunomodulatory potential &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; on BALB/c mice model DM was carried out by oral induction of TB antigen with extract dose, control positive, negative and normal groups. Furthermore, the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells can be seen with a microscope and the levels of IL-12 with the Elisa kit. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The results showed the ethanol extract of the fruit of &lt;i&gt;E. rubroloba&lt;/i&gt; contained eight chemical compounds and had potential as immunomodulators in BALB/c DM mice induced by TB antigen by increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells and levels of IL-12, which were significantly different from the negative control (p<0.05). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The chemical composition of the ethanol extract of the fruit of &lt;i&gt;E. rubroloba&lt;/i&gt; has the potential as an immunomodulator in TB antigen-induced DM &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus-Tuberculosis (DM-TB); Etlingera rubroloba; Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); interleukin-12 (IL-12); phagocytosis.