Peripheral biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress is considered a pathomechanism of acute pancreatitis (AP), but no studies have extensively characterized oxidant status in dogs with naturally-occurring AP.

Hypothesis or objectives: Evaluate measures of oxidant status in dogs with AP and explore whether these measures correlate with AP severity.

Animals: Fifteen dogs with AP and 9 control dogs.

Methods: Prospective, controlled observational study. Plasma reactive metabolite (RM) concentrations, antioxidant potential (AOP), and urinary F₂ isoprostane concentrations were measured in AP dogs and healthy controls. Severity of AP was assessed by length of hospitalization and 3 disease severity indices: canine acute pancreatitis severity (CAPS), modified canine activity index (M-CAI), and the acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation score (APPLE_full ).

Results: Reactive metabolite (RM) concentrations (median, 65 relative fluorescent units [RFU]/μL; range, 20-331 RFU/μL) and RM:AOP (median, 7; range, 4-109) were higher in AP dogs than healthy controls (median RM, 25 RFU/μL; range, 16-41 RFU/μL; median RM:AOP, 4; range, 2-7; P < .001 for both comparisons). Reactive metabolite (r_S = 0.603, P = .08) and RM:AOP (r_S = 0.491, P = .06) were not correlated with the duration of hospitalization or disease severity indices evaluated. However, disease severity indices did not predict mortality in our study. Normalized urine 2,3-dinor-8-iso-prostaglandin F2α concentrations were correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP; r_S = 0.491, P = .03), canine specific pancreatic lipase (Spec cPL; r_S = 0.746, P = .002), and CAPS (r_S = 0.603, P = .02).

Conclusions and clinical importance: Oxidant status is altered in dogs with naturally occurring AP, but the clinical relevance of this finding is unknown.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; Spec cPL; antioxidant potential; isoprostanes; oxidant status; reactive metabolites.