Genome-wide analysis reveals selection signatures for body size and drought adaptation in Liangzhou donkey

Gang Wang; Fuwen Wang; Haoyu Pei; Mei Li; Fuxia Bai; Chuzhao Lei; Ruihua Dang

doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110476

Genome-wide analysis reveals selection signatures for body size and drought adaptation in Liangzhou donkey

Genomics. 2022 Nov;114(6):110476. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110476. Epub 2022 Aug 31.

Authors

Gang Wang¹, Fuwen Wang², Haoyu Pei³, Mei Li⁴, Fuxia Bai⁵, Chuzhao Lei⁶, Ruihua Dang⁷

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: wg18821714768@nwafu.edu.cn.
² Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: wangfuwen2016@nwafu.edu.cn.
³ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: peihaoyuAHS@163.com.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: 18821700428@163.com.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: leichuzhao1118@126.com.
⁷ Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address: dangruihua@nwsuaf.edu.cn.

PMID: 36057425
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110476

Abstract

Liangzhou donkey is a domestic animal breed distributed on the edge of the Tengger Desert in Gansu Province of China. It has small body size and strong adaptability to dry environments. Here, we sequenced 10 Liangzhou donkey genomes and compared them to the 55 genomes of 8 representative donkey breeds worldwide. The population structure analysis revealed that Liangzhou donkey harboured the ancestry with the Asian domestic donkeys (0.863) and European domestic donkeys (0.137). Three methods (nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium decay and runs of homozygosity) implied the genetic diversity in Liangzhou donkey. In addition, we analyzed the genetic basis of the small body size and drought adaptation of Liangzhou donkey by using F_st, θπ-ratio, XP-EHH, CLR and θπ methods. We found that the NCAPG-LCORL on chromosome 3 may be a candidate region for small body size trait of Liangzhou donkey. The CYP4A11 gene located on chromosome 5 showed strong sign of selection sweep. CYP4A11 can convert arachidonic acid into 19(S)-HETE, which can promote water reabsorption in renal tubule and enhance the ability of Liangzhou donkey to adapt to dry environment. These results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying population structure of Liangzhou donkeys and provides a valuable resource for future research on donkey breeding in response to climate change.

Keywords: Body size trait; CYP4A11; Drought adaptation; Liangzhou donkey; NCAPG-LCORL locus; Population structure.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Body Size / genetics
China
Equidae* / genetics