Introduction: Initial reports show an increase in youth onset type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to expand on existing evidence by analyzing trends over a longer period.
Objectives: Our study aims to describe change in the amount, severity, and demographics of youth onset type 2 diabetes diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the five years before.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional review of youth (age ≤ 21) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic (1 May 2020-30 April 2021) and the five years before (1 May 2015-30 April 2020) at a tertiary care center. Children were identified by International Classification of Diseases codes. Charts were reviewed to confirm diagnosis. Chi-square, t tests, and Fisher's exact tests were used for analyses.
Results: In the prepandemic era annual diagnoses of type 2 diabetes ranged from 41-69 (mean = 54.2), whereas during the pandemic period 159 children were diagnosed, an increase of 293%. The increase resulted in a higher incidence rate ratio during the pandemic than before, 2.77 versus 1.07 (p = .006). New diagnoses increased most, by 490%, in Non-Hispanic Black patients. The average HbA1c at presentation was higher during the pandemic (9.5% ± 2.6) (79.9 mmol/mol ± 28.2) than before (8.7%±2.1) (72.1 mmol/mol ± 23.1) (p = .003). Of those diagnosed during the pandemic, 59% were tested for COVID-19 and three tested positive.
Conclusions: New diagnoses of type 2 diabetes increased during the pandemic, most notably in Non-Hispanic Black youth. There was not a significant correlation found with clinical or biochemical COVID-19 infection in those tested.
背景: 初步报告显示, 在新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间, 青年发病的2型糖尿病患者有所增加。我们的目标是通过分析更长时期的趋势来扩大现有证据。 方法: 我们对在新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间(2020年5月1日至2021年4月30日)和之前五年(2015年5月1日至2020年4月30日)在三级护理中心被诊断为2型糖尿病的年轻人(年龄≤21岁)进行了横向回顾。儿童通过ICD(国际疾病分类)代码进行识别。通过图表以确认诊断。分析方式采用了卡方检验, t检验和Fisher‘s精确检验。 结果: 在大流行前, 2型糖尿病的年诊断率为41-69例(平均为54.2例), 而在大流行期间, 有159名儿童确诊, 增加了293%。这一增加导致大流行期间的发病率比以前更高, 分别为2.77vs1.07(p=0.006)。在非西班牙裔黑人患者中, 新诊断增加最多, 增长了490%。发病时HbA1c平均值(9.5%±2.6)(79.9mmol/mol ± 28.2)高于发病前(8.7%±2.1)(72.1mmol/mol ± 23.1)(p=0.003)。在疫情期间确诊的患者中, 59%的人进行了新型冠状病毒肺炎检测, 3人检测呈阳性。 结论: 在大流行期间, 新诊断的2型糖尿病增加。最显著的是在非西班牙裔黑人青年中。在接受测试的人中, 没有发现与临床或生化指标与新型冠状病毒肺炎感染有显著相关性。.
Keywords: 2型糖尿病; COVID-19; pandemic; pediatric; type 2 diabetes; 儿科; 大流行; 新型冠状病毒肺炎.
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes published by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.