The Effect of Genistein on Anastomotic Healing in Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

J Surg Res. 2022 Dec:280:389-395. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.07.039. Epub 2022 Aug 26.

Abstract

Introduction: Genistein is a natural isoflavonoid and has several pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, antitumor activity, and improvement of glucose metabolism. The safety of intestinal anastomosis after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical issue for surgeons. This experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of genistein on anastomotic healing after intestinal I/R injury.

Methods: A total of 36 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control, I/R, genistein, and genistein + I/R. The control group received segmental ileal resection and ileoileal anastomosis. The I/R group received resection + anastomosis after intestinal I/R. The genistein group was administered subcutaneous injection of 1 mg/kg genistein 12 h and 1 h before the procedure and received ileal resection + anastomosis. The genistein + I/R group received I/R + ileal resection + anastomosis after genistein injection. Anastomotic bursting pressure, hydroxyproline, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels and histopathological wound healing scores of all rats were measured on postoperative day 5.

Results: The anastomotic bursting pressure was significantly higher in the genistein and genistein + I/R groups (P < 0.001). Genistein increased the hydroxyproline concentration and the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels in the intestinal anastomosis (P < 0.001). In histopathological assessment, the mean wound healing score was significantly higher in the genistein group than in the other groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Genistein, with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, shows protective effects against increased oxidative stress after intestinal I/R injury and contributes positively to intestinal anastomotic healing.

Keywords: Anastomotic healing; Genistein; Ischemia–reperfusion injury; Isoflavonoids; Small intestine.

MeSH terms

  • Anastomosis, Surgical
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / therapeutic use
  • Colon / surgery
  • Genistein* / pharmacology
  • Genistein* / therapeutic use
  • Glucose
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Hydroxyproline
  • Ischemia
  • Male
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reperfusion Injury* / drug therapy
  • Reperfusion Injury* / etiology
  • Reperfusion Injury* / prevention & control
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Wound Healing

Substances

  • Genistein
  • Antioxidants
  • Hydroxyproline
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Glucose