The association between metabolic syndrome and presence of frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaoman Jiang; Xinyi Xu; Lingyu Ding; Jinling Lu; Hanfei Zhu; Kang Zhao; Shuqin Zhu; Qin Xu

doi:10.1007/s41999-022-00688-4

The association between metabolic syndrome and presence of frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eur Geriatr Med. 2022 Oct;13(5):1047-1056. doi: 10.1007/s41999-022-00688-4. Epub 2022 Aug 29.

Authors

Xiaoman Jiang¹, Xinyi Xu², Lingyu Ding¹, Jinling Lu³, Hanfei Zhu¹, Kang Zhao¹, Shuqin Zhu¹, Qin Xu⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
² Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4702, Australia.
³ Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
⁴ School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. qinxu@njmu.edu.cn.

PMID: 36036343
DOI: 10.1007/s41999-022-00688-4

Abstract

Background: Frailty represents a progressive deterioration in multi-system of the body and could increase vulnerability to stressors. Recently, several studies found that metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with frailty and emphasized its role in assessing and preventing frailty. However, these conclusions are controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and frailty.

Methods: Databases including Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform were searched for studies on the association between metabolic syndrome and frailty, from inception to 17th June 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. Stata/SE 15.0 software was used to perform the statistical analysis.

Results: Eleven studies were included in this review and eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving one prospective cohort studies and ten cross-sectional studies with 12,640 participants. The pooled results indicated that metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with frailty (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.46-2.27) with a low heterogeneity (I² = 32.1%), and there were significant associations between MetS and weakness (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.15-1.58, I² = 0.0%), slow gait speed (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.51-2.14, I² = 93.4%), weight loss (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.36-2.29, I² = 0.0%) and decreased physical activity (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.49-2.35, I² = 39.7%).

Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that metabolic syndrome could be significantly associated with the presence of frailly. Future studies need to further consider the effects of measurement tools, age and specific disease status in this association. Furthermore, the casual relationship between them is to be determined.

Keywords: Association; Frailty; Meta-analysis; Metabolic syndrome; Systematic review.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cross-Sectional Studies
Frailty* / epidemiology
Humans
Metabolic Syndrome* / complications
Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
Prospective Studies
Walking Speed