Q-TOF LC-MS compounds evaluation of propolis extract derived from Malaysian stingless bees, Tetrigona apicalis, and their bioactivities in breast cancer cell, MCF7

Wan Ahmad Syazani Mohamed; Noor Zafirah Ismail; Musthahimah Muhamad; Eshaifol Azam Omar; Nozlena Abdul Samad; Jer Ping Ooi; Sharlina Mohamad

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103403

Q-TOF LC-MS compounds evaluation of propolis extract derived from Malaysian stingless bees, Tetrigona apicalis, and their bioactivities in breast cancer cell, MCF7

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 Oct;29(10):103403. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103403. Epub 2022 Aug 5.

Authors

Wan Ahmad Syazani Mohamed^{1

2}, Noor Zafirah Ismail³, Musthahimah Muhamad³, Eshaifol Azam Omar³, Nozlena Abdul Samad³, Jer Ping Ooi^{3

4}, Sharlina Mohamad^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Coordination of Clinical Research Network (CCRN), Block B4, Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
² Centre for Clinical Trial (CCT), Block B4, Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
³ Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT) Universiti Sains Malaysia, SAINS@BERTAM, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
⁴ Breast Cancer Translational Research Program (BCTRP@IPPT), Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, SAINS@BERTAM, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.

Abstract

Propolis is known to exhibit various phytochemical compounds that aid in several biological activities. The current study investigates the phytochemical compounds of ethanolic extract of propolis of Tetrigona apicalis (EEP) using Q-TOF LC-MS, its antioxidant properties using DPPH and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging assays, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), using Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium Chloride method, respectively, as well as proapoptotic effects, based on the selected IC₅₀ of the cytotoxic study conducted for EEP using annexin V-FITC assay. Terpene and polyphenol were among of 17 identified compounds. The EC₅₀ of EEP for DPPH and ABTS⁺ was 1.78 mg/mL and 1.68 mg/mL, while the EEP exhibited TPC and TFC values of 31.99 mgGAE/g and 66.4 mgQCE/g, respectively in which the parameters were strongly correlated. The IC₅₀ of EEP effectively induces apoptosis in MCF7 cells. In conclusion, EEP possessed important phytochemical compounds that work excellently as antioxidants and anticancer agents.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Apoptosis; LC-MS; MCF7; Propolis; TFC; TPC; Tetrigona apicalis.