Infants Receiving Very Early Antiretroviral Therapy Have High CD4 Counts in the First Year of Life

Bryan S Nelson; Camlin Tierney; Deborah Persaud; Jennifer Jao; Mark F Cotton; Yvonne Bryson; Anne Coletti; Theodore D Ruel; Stephen A Spector; Christina Reding; Kira Bacon; Diane Costello; Charlotte Perlowski; Maria Leticia Santos Cruz; Josphat Kosgei; Sai Majji; Dwight E Yin; Patrick Jean-Philippe; Ellen G Chadwick; IMPAACT P1115 Team

doi:10.1093/cid/ciac695

Infants Receiving Very Early Antiretroviral Therapy Have High CD4 Counts in the First Year of Life

Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e744-e747. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac695.

Authors

Bryan S Nelson¹, Camlin Tierney¹, Deborah Persaud², Jennifer Jao^{3

4}, Mark F Cotton⁵, Yvonne Bryson⁶, Anne Coletti⁷, Theodore D Ruel⁸, Stephen A Spector^{9

10}, Christina Reding¹¹, Kira Bacon¹¹, Diane Costello¹², Charlotte Perlowski⁷, Maria Leticia Santos Cruz¹³, Josphat Kosgei¹⁴, Sai Majji¹⁵, Dwight E Yin¹⁶, Patrick Jean-Philippe¹⁶, Ellen G Chadwick^{3

4}; IMPAACT P1115 Team

Affiliations

¹ Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research in the Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
² Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³ Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁴ Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁵ Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Family Center for Research with Ubuntu, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, University of California-Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
⁷ Science Facilitation Department, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁸ Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
⁹ Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA.
¹⁰ Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
¹¹ Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, New York, USA.
¹² IMPAACT Laboratory Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹³ Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
¹⁴ Kenya Medical Research Institute/Walter Reed Project, Kericho, Kenya.
¹⁵ Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
¹⁶ Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA.

Abstract

We followed 54 infants with in utero HIV after initiating very early antiretroviral treatment. At weeks 24 and 48, ≥80% had CD4 ≥1500 cells/mm3 and CD4% ≥25%. Routine Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in the first year of life may not be necessary for all very early treated infants.

Clinical trials registration: NCT02140255.

Keywords: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; CD4; HIV; cotrimoxazole; neonatal.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Anti-HIV Agents* / therapeutic use
Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
HIV Infections* / drug therapy
Humans
Infant
Pneumocystis carinii*
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis* / drug therapy

Infants Receiving Very Early Antiretroviral Therapy Have High CD4 Counts in the First Year of Life

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