Evolution and Driving Factors of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Tourism Efficiency at the Provincial Level in China Based on SBM-DEA Model

Junli Gao; Chaofeng Shao; Sihan Chen

doi:10.3390/ijerph191610118

Evolution and Driving Factors of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Tourism Efficiency at the Provincial Level in China Based on SBM-DEA Model

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 16;19(16):10118. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610118.

Authors

Junli Gao^{1

2}, Chaofeng Shao¹, Sihan Chen¹

Affiliations

¹ College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
² Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 50, Honggui 1st Street, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518000, China.

Abstract

In order to give guidance to improve tourism competitiveness and sustainable development, it is particularly important to identify and analyze the factors and mechanisms that affect efficiency. The SBM-DEA model including undesirable outputs was used to measure the tourism efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2019. Combined with the compound DEA model, the sensitivity of each province to the fluctuation of the input-output index was mined. The exploratory spatial analysis method and fixed effect model were used to analyze the spatial change and driving factors of tourism efficiency. The results show that: (1) the tourism efficiency of each province in China fluctuated from 2006 to 2019, and the average value was raised from 0.12 to 0.71, generally reaching the grade of medium and high efficiency; (2) the spatial difference of tourism efficiency is significant, but there is no obvious spatial correlation; (3) the most important input factors to tourism efficiency are environmental resources, tourism resource inputs and tourism infrastructure construction, and tourism fixed asset investment is redundant. (4) Optimizing the industrial structure, strengthening the introduction of core technology, and continuously promoting the process of urbanization and marketization are important ways to improve the efficiency of tourism.

Keywords: driving factors; panel estimates; spatiotemporal patterns; tourism efficiency.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

China
Economic Development
Efficiency*
Industry
Tourism*
Urbanization

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the National key research and development plan project, grant number: 2019YFC0507505 (C.S.); Guangxi Innovation-driven Development Project, grant number: No. Guike AA20161004 (C.S.); Yunnan Province Science and Technology Plan Project grant number: No. 202004AC100001-C05 (C.S.).