Superhydrophobic nanofibrous sponge with hierarchically layered structure for efficient harsh environmental oil-water separation

J Hazard Mater. 2022 Oct 15:440:129790. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129790. Epub 2022 Aug 17.

Abstract

Oil leakage has posed serious threat to the environment, but still remain a great challenge to be solved especially for harsh environmental conditions. Herein, robust superhydrophobic nickel hydroxide grown by hydrothermal method and stearic acid modification on a blow-spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Al2O3 nanofibrous sponge was proposed, so that the nickel hydroxide-modified polyacrylonitrile sponge (NPAS) was successfully obtained for efficient oil-water separation. The porous NPAS with a distinctive hierarchically layered structure, which exhibited excellent separation efficiency and mechanical elasticity. Due to its superhydrophobic and high porosity, the absorption capacity of NPAS could reach as high as 45 g g-1. It could not only separate a series of oil-water mixture with a high steady flux of 12,413 L m-2 h-1 (dichloromethane-water), but also separate stabilized emulsions with a superior flux 2032 L m-2 h-1 (water-in-dichloromethane) under gravity, all of that with above 99.92% separation efficiencies, which was higher than that of the most reported sponges. Most importantly, its strong acid/alkali resistance enable it is suitable for hazardous materials treatment applications in harsh environmental conditions. This novel NPAS via facile large-scale blow-spinning provide an efficient strategy for oil-containing wastewater treatment and environmental protection.

Keywords: Blow spinning; Emulsion separation; Mechanical stability; Nanofibrous sponge; Super-hydrophobicity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Hazardous Substances
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Methylene Chloride
  • Nanofibers*
  • Nickel
  • Oils / chemistry
  • Petroleum Pollution* / prevention & control
  • Water / chemistry

Substances

  • Hazardous Substances
  • Oils
  • Water
  • Methylene Chloride
  • Nickel