Linoleate-Rich Safflower Oil Diet Increases Linoleate-Derived Bioactive Lipid Mediators in Plasma, and Brown and White Adipose Depots of Healthy Mice

Deena B Snoke; Austin Angelotti; Kamil Borkowski; Rachel M Cole; John W Newman; Martha A Belury

doi:10.3390/metabo12080743

Linoleate-Rich Safflower Oil Diet Increases Linoleate-Derived Bioactive Lipid Mediators in Plasma, and Brown and White Adipose Depots of Healthy Mice

Metabolites. 2022 Aug 12;12(8):743. doi: 10.3390/metabo12080743.

Authors

Deena B Snoke^{1

2

3}, Austin Angelotti², Kamil Borkowski⁴, Rachel M Cole^{2

3}, John W Newman^{4

5

6}, Martha A Belury²

Affiliations

¹ Deparment of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, Univeristy of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
² Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
³ Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
⁴ West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 915616, USA.
⁵ Western Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
⁶ Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 915616, USA.

Abstract

Polyunsaturated fats are energy substrates and precursors to the biosynthesis of lipid mediators of cellular processes. Adipose tissue not only provides energy storage, but influences whole-body energy metabolism through endocrine functions. How diet influences adipose-lipid mediator balance may have broad impacts on energy metabolism. To determine how dietary lipid sources modulate brown and white adipose tissue and plasma lipid mediators, mice were fed low-fat (15% kcal fat) isocaloric diets, containing either palm oil (POLF) or linoleate-rich safflower oil (SOLF). Baseline and post body weight, adiposity, and 2-week and post fasting blood glucose were measured and lipid mediators were profiled in plasma, and inguinal white and interscapular brown adipose tissues. We identified over 30 species of altered lipid mediators between diets and found that these changes were unique to each tissue. We identified changes to lipid mediators with known functional roles in the regulation of adipose tissue expansion and function, and found that there was a relationship between the average fold difference in lipid mediators between brown adipose tissue and plasma in mice consuming the SOLF diet. Our findings emphasize that even with a low-fat diet, dietary fat quality has a profound effect on lipid mediator profiles in adipose tissues and plasma.

Keywords: adipose tissue; dietary fats; endocannabinoids; lipid mediators; metabolic disease; oxylipins; polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center to M.A.B.; Additional support was provided by USDA Project # 2032-51530-025-00D to J.W.N. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.