Case report: Application of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to treat COVID-19 in a severe aplastic anemia child after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Jinhua Huang; Di Yin; Xia Qin; Mei Yu; Beilei Jiang; Jing Chen; Qing Cao; Zhiguo Tang

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.935118

Case report: Application of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to treat COVID-19 in a severe aplastic anemia child after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Front Pediatr. 2022 Aug 8:10:935118. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.935118. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Jinhua Huang¹, Di Yin¹, Xia Qin², Mei Yu¹, Beilei Jiang¹, Jing Chen², Qing Cao³, Zhiguo Tang¹

Affiliations

¹ Hefei First People's Hospital, Hefei, China.
² Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

We present a case report of successful treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlvoid) for a severe aplastic anemia child with COVID-19, cytopenia, and mixed chimerism of donor hematopoietic cells at 3 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. After the 5-day entire course of treatment, the clinical symptoms were relieved, cycle threshold values of ORF1a/b and N genes increased from 22.60 and 22.15 to 34.52 and 33.84, respectively, and the peripheral blood counts gradually recovered without graft failure. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir can effectively inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 without any significant adverse effects.

Keywords: COVID-19; Omicron; Paxlovid; children; severe aplastic anemia; transplantation.

Publication types

Case Reports