Analysis of Agriculture and Food Supply Chain through Blockchain and IoT with Light Weight Cluster Head

Anass Hamadelneel Adow; Mahendra Kumar Shrivas; Hussain Falih Mahdi; Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra; Devvret Verma; Nitika Vats Doohan; Asadullah Jalali

doi:10.1155/2022/1296993

Analysis of Agriculture and Food Supply Chain through Blockchain and IoT with Light Weight Cluster Head

Comput Intell Neurosci. 2022 Aug 10:2022:1296993. doi: 10.1155/2022/1296993. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Anass Hamadelneel Adow¹, Mahendra Kumar Shrivas², Hussain Falih Mahdi³, Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra^{4

5}, Devvret Verma⁶, Nitika Vats Doohan⁷, Asadullah Jalali⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Computer Science and Engineering, O. P. Jindal University, Raigarh, India.
³ Computer Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, Baqubah 32001, Iraq.
⁴ Computer Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq.
⁵ Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Hilla, Babil, Iraq.
⁶ Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India.
⁷ Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Medi-Caps University, Indore, India.
⁸ American University of Afghanistan, STM (Science Technology Mathematics), Kabul, Afghanistan.

Abstract

By 2050, the world's population will have increased by 34%, to more than 9 billion people, needing a 70% increase in food production. Prepare more dishes with fewer ingredients. Therefore, the critical goal of manufacturers is to increase production while being ecologically benign. Supply chain systems that do not enable direct farmer-to-consumer connection and rising input costs influence data collection, security, and sharing. Constraints on data security, manipulation, and single-point failure are unfulfilled due to a lack of centralized IoT agricultural infrastructure. To address these issues, the article proposes a blockchain-based IoT model. This study also shows one-of-a-kind energy savings. The decentralization of data storage improves the supply chain's transparency and quality through blockchain technology, thus farmers can engage more efficiently. Blockchain technology improves supply chain traceability and security. This article provides a transparent, decentralized blockchain tracking solution and proposes an intelligent model protocol for several Internet of Things (IoT) devices that monitor crop development and the agricultural environment. A new approach has resolved the bulk of the supply chain difficulties. Smart contracts were utilized to organize all transactions in decentralized supply networks. The use of blockchain technology improves transaction quality, and customers may verify the legitimacy of an item's authenticity and legality by using the system. A total of 100 IoT nodes were distributed randomly to each 500 m² cluster farm. The Internet of Things nodes were used to assess soil moisture, temperature, and crop disease. Network stability period and network life of the proposed method show 90.4% accuracy. The food supply chain will be more efficient and trustworthy with an intelligent model. The immutability of ledger technology and smart contract support further increases supply chain security, privacy, transparency, and trust among all stakeholders in the multi-party system. By 2050, the world's population will need a 70% increase in food production. The food supply chain will be more efficient and trustworthy with an intelligent model. This article provides a transparent, decentralized, and intelligent model protocol for several Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

Publication types

Retracted Publication

MeSH terms

Agriculture
Blockchain*
Computer Security
Food Supply
Humans
Internet of Things*