Purpose: This study aims to translate the English version of the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) to simplified Chinese (TWVQ-SC) and to examine its reliability and validity.
Method: Standardized translation procedures were strictly followed for the translation of the TWVQ. Two hundred sixty trans woman and 128 cis woman subjects completed sociodemographic investigation, the TWVQ-SC, and the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) online. Internal consistency was examined by Cronbach reliability coefficient (Cronbach α). Test-retest reliability was quantified by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Content validity, structural validity, and discriminant validity were examined by expert panel's judgment, factor analysis, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: The Cronbach α of the TWVQ-SC was .969 and the ICC was .841, indicating excellent internal consistency and good test-retest reliability. The four principal factors explained 21.345%, 18.592%, 13.551%, and 12.027% of the variance respectively with the cumulative contribution rate 65.514%. There was a strong correlation between the total score of the TWVQ-SC and that of the VHI-10 (r = .858, p < .001), indicating good structural validity. The total score of the TWVQ-SC of the trans woman subjects was significantly higher than that of the cis woman subjects (z = 14.590, p < .05), indicating good discriminant validity.
Conclusion: The TWVQ-SC exhibits overall high reliability and validity, qualified to be applied as a reliable clinical tool to evaluate trans women's voice in mainland China.