Inflammation, microbiome and colorectal cancer disparity in African-Americans: Are there bugs in the genetics?

Abstract

Dysregulated interactions between host inflammation and gut microbiota over the course of life increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). While environmental factors and socio-economic realities of race remain predominant contributors to CRC disparities in African-Americans (AAs), this review focuses on the biological mediators of CRC disparity, namely the under-appreciated influence of inherited ancestral genetic regulation on mucosal innate immunity and its interaction with the microbiome. There remains a poor understanding of mechanisms linking immune-related genetic polymorphisms and microbiome diversity that could influence chronic inflammation and exacerbate CRC disparities in AAs. A better understanding of the relationship between host genetics, bacteria, and CRC pathogenesis will improve the prediction of cancer risk across race/ethnicity groups overall.

Keywords: African-American; Colorectal cancer; Inflammation; Microbiome; Minorities health; Population-specific genome wide association studies.