Prevalence and factors associated with comorbid depressive symptoms among people with low back pain in China: A cross-sectional study

Chunxia He; Hongxiu Chen; Ling Guo; Lisheng Xu; Qingquan Liu; Jiali Zhang; Xiuying Hu

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.922733

Prevalence and factors associated with comorbid depressive symptoms among people with low back pain in China: A cross-sectional study

Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 25:13:922733. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.922733. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Chunxia He^{1

2

3}, Hongxiu Chen¹, Ling Guo¹, Lisheng Xu¹, Qingquan Liu¹, Jiali Zhang⁴, Xiuying Hu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
³ Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
⁴ Cheng Du Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

Background: Low back pain is a common medical condition among the general population that is associated with many adverse health effects when comorbid with depressive symptoms. However, little is known about depressive symptoms in the population with low back pain in China. Our study evaluated the prevalence of depressive symptoms and analyzed the factors associated with this condition in the Chinese population with low back pain.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We collected low back pain information for each participant and identified depressive symptoms using the brief version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A wide range of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of the subjects were extracted. We measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms comorbid with low back pain and analyzed the associated factors by multiple logistic regression.

Results: A total of 5,779 respondents aged 45 and over with low back pain formed the sample, 41.8% of whom reported depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated greater vulnerability to depressive symptoms among females (OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.16-1.73), relatively younger persons (60-74 years: OR = 0.72, 95% CI, 0.63-0.83; ≥ 75 years: OR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.49-0.79, reference: 45-59 years), those from the central and western regions (central: OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.18-1.64; western: OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.33-1.83), participants with extremely short sleep duration (OR = 2.74, 95% CI, 2.33-3.23), those with poor self-perceived health status (OR = 2.91, 95% CI, 2.34-3.63,), multisite pain (OR = 1.54, 95% CI, 1.20-1.98) and disability in activities of daily living (Basic: OR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.47-1.98; Instrumental: OR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.70-2.24).

Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were highly prevalent in the Chinese population ≥ 45 years with low back pain. More attention should be paid to the individuals at high-risk confirmed by this study to facilitate early identification and intervention against depressive symptoms.

Keywords: associated factors; comorbidity; depressive symptoms; low back pain; prevalence.