Periodontitis assessed with a new screening tool and oral health-related quality of life: cross-sectional findings among general-population adults

Lauranne Jaumet; Zeineb Hamdi; Chantal Julia; Serge Hercberg; Mathilde Touvier; Philippe Bouchard; Maria Clotilde Carra; Valentina A Andreeva

doi:10.1007/s11136-022-03215-x

Periodontitis assessed with a new screening tool and oral health-related quality of life: cross-sectional findings among general-population adults

Qual Life Res. 2023 Jan;32(1):259-272. doi: 10.1007/s11136-022-03215-x. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Authors

Lauranne Jaumet¹, Zeineb Hamdi¹, Chantal Julia^{2

3}, Serge Hercberg^{2

3}, Mathilde Touvier², Philippe Bouchard^{1

4}, Maria Clotilde Carra^{1

5}, Valentina A Andreeva⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, U.F.R. of Odontology-Garancière, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
² INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France.
³ Department of Public Health, Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis University Hospitals (AP-HP), Bobigny, France.
⁴ Laboratory URP 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁵ Population-Based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 011, Villejuif, France.
⁶ INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France. v.andreeva@eren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis, as a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease, has complex relationships with other diseases and ultimately with well-being. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between self-report periodontitis, as measured with the recently developed and validated modified Periodontal Screening Score (mPESS), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQol) in a large population-based sample derived from the French NutriNet-Santé e-cohort.

Methods: The sample was composed of 32,714 adults (75.5% women) with a mean age of 48.8 ± 13.9 years. Periodontitis was assessed based on age, smoking, and oral health status data obtained in 2011-2012, which allowed calculating the mPESS. An mPESS ≥ 5 was used to identify individuals at risk of severe periodontitis (main exposure). OHRQoL was measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) (main outcome) and the total score was dichotomized for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, considering physical health status, dietary and lifestyle confounding variables, were performed.

Results: Overall, 6407 participants (19.6%) were at a high risk of severe periodontitis. A total of 7383 participants (22.6%) presented a relatively poor OHRQoL (OHIP-14 > 8, highest quartile). In the multivariable model, each of the following variables was independently and significantly associated with lower OHRQoL: older age (50-64 years), female sex, obesity, snacking between meals, frequent consumption of soft drinks and sweets/chocolate, risk of severe periodontitis, and having < 20 natural teeth were significantly. An mPESS ≥ 5 showed the highest odds for relatively poor OHRQoL (OR = 3.45; 95% CI 3.21-3.72).

Conclusion: The results support the association between periodontitis and OHRQoL in non-clinical samples. The use of mPESS could be tested in future prevention programs aiming at improving OHRQoL.

Keywords: Nutrition; Oral health; Oral health related quality of life; Periodontitis; Questionnaire.

MeSH terms

Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Health Status
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Oral Health
Periodontitis* / epidemiology
Quality of Life* / psychology
Surveys and Questionnaires