[Évaluation de la qualité de vie et description des facteurs associés, chez les patients en insuffisance cardiaque chronique vivant dans un pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest à faible revenu]

Abstract

Objective: To assess the quality of life (QOL) and describe associated factors in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) living in a low-income population in West Africa.

Methods: This is was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to June 2018, in the department of cardiology of the University Teaching Hospital (CHU-Campus) in Lomé (Togo). Enrolled patients had stable chronic HF and have been hospitalized in the past 6 months; QOL was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MLHFQ).

Results: 171 patients were included (women = 40.9%, 33% unschooled, 75% without health insurance; 46.8% in NYHA class II). The prevalence of depression was 62%. The mean total score of MLHFQ was 37.2 ± 22.3. In univariate analysis, there was a positive correlation between the total score and the following factors: age (r= 0.33, p ˂0.0001), NYHA classes (r= 0.67, p ˂0.0001), number of rehospitalizations (r= 0.61, p ˂0.0001), number of comorbidities (r= 0.43, p ˂0.0001), and the depression score (r= 0.67, p ˂0.0001). After adjustments, positive correlation persisted with NYHA classes (p ˂0.0001), number of rehospitalizations (p= 0.02), and depression (p ˂0.0001).

Conclusion: The QOL of HF patients was moderately impaired and was comparable to values reported among high-income populations. Factors associated with poor quality of life were advanced NYHA classes, number of rehospitalizations, and depression.

Keywords: Africa; Afrique de l'Ouest; Heart failure; Insuffisance cardiaque; low-income population; population à faibles revenus; quality of life; qualité de vie.