A high-hydrophilic Cu2O-TiO2/Ti2O3/TiO coating on Ti-5Cu alloy: Perfect antibacterial property and rapid endothelialization potential

Xiaotong Zhao; Diangeng Cai; Jiali Hu; Jingjun Nie; Dafu Chen; Gaowu Qin; Erlin Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213044

A high-hydrophilic Cu₂O-TiO₂/Ti₂O₃/TiO coating on Ti-5Cu alloy: Perfect antibacterial property and rapid endothelialization potential

Biomater Adv. 2022 Sep:140:213044. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213044. Epub 2022 Jul 26.

Authors

Xiaotong Zhao¹, Diangeng Cai¹, Jiali Hu¹, Jingjun Nie², Dafu Chen³, Gaowu Qin⁴, Erlin Zhang⁵

Affiliations

¹ Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
² Laboratory of Bone tissue engineering, Beijing Laboratory of biomedical materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.
³ Laboratory of Bone tissue engineering, Beijing Laboratory of biomedical materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China. Electronic address: chendafu@jsthospital.org.
⁴ Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
⁵ Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. Electronic address: zhangel@atm.neu.edu.cn.

PMID: 35932660
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213044

Abstract

In order to make novel antibacterial Ti-Cu alloy more suitable for cardiovascular implant application, a Cu-containing oxide coating was manufactured on Ti-Cu alloy by plasma-enhanced oxidation deposition in plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) equipment to further improve the antibacterial ability and the surface bioactivity. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle indicated that a sustainably high-hydrophilic Cu₂O-TiO₂/Ti₂O₃/TiO coating with nano-morphology on Ti-5Cu was successfully constructed. The corrosion performance results showed that the coating enhanced the corrosion resistance while releasing more Cu²⁺, compared with Ti-5Cu. Antibacterial tests confirmed the perfect antibacterial property of the coating (R ≥ 99.9 %), superior to Ti-Cu alloy (R > 90 %). More delightfully, it was observed by phalloidin-FITC and DAPI staining that the coating improved the early adhesion of HUVEC cells mainly due to strong hydrophilicity and nano-morphology. It was demonstrated that the extract of the coated sample significantly promoted proliferation (RGR = 112 %-138 % after cultivation for 1 to 3 days) and migration of HUVEC cells due to the appropriate Cu²⁺ release concentration. Hemolysis assay and platelet adhesion results showed that the coating had excellent blood compatibility. All results suggested that the coating on Ti-Cu alloy might be a promising surface with the perfect antibacterial ability, blood compatibility and evident promoting endothelialization ability for the cardiovascular application.

Keywords: Antibacterial property; Blood compatibility; Cell compatibility; Cu(2+) release; Plasma-enhanced oxidation deposition; Ti-Cu alloy.

MeSH terms

Alloys / pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Staphylococcus aureus*
Titanium* / pharmacology

Substances

Alloys
Anti-Bacterial Agents
titanium dioxide
Titanium