Topical glaucoma medications - Clinical implications for the ocular surface

Fredrik Fineide; Neil Lagali; Muhammed Yasin Adil; Reiko Arita; Miriam Kolko; Jelle Vehof; Tor P Utheim

doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2022.07.007

Topical glaucoma medications - Clinical implications for the ocular surface

Ocul Surf. 2022 Oct:26:19-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.07.007. Epub 2022 Jul 31.

Authors

Fredrik Fineide¹, Neil Lagali², Muhammed Yasin Adil³, Reiko Arita⁴, Miriam Kolko⁵, Jelle Vehof⁶, Tor P Utheim⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs gate 32 E, 0366, Oslo, Norway; Department of Computer Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway; SimulaMet, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: fre_fin@hotmail.com.
² Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Norway.
³ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs gate 32 E, 0366, Oslo, Norway.
⁴ Department of Ophthalmology, Itoh Clinic, Saitama, Japan.
⁵ Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
⁶ Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Vestfold Hospital, Tønsberg, Norway.
⁷ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs gate 32 E, 0366, Oslo, Norway; Department of Computer Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Vestre Viken Hospital, Drammen, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Vestfold Hospital, Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Department of Research and Development, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway; Department of Quality and Health Technology, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway; Department of Health and Nursing Science, The Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Norway.

PMID: 35921942
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.07.007

Abstract

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. The use of topical eye drops to reduce intraocular pressure remains the mainstay treatment. These eye drops frequently contain preservatives designed to ensure sterility of the compound. A growing number of clinical and experimental studies report the detrimental effects of not only these preservatives but also the active pharmaceutical compounds on the ocular surface, with resultant tear film instability and dry eye disease. Herein, we critically appraise the published literature exploring the effects of preservatives and pharmaceutical compounds on the ocular surface.

Keywords: Dry eye disease; Eyedrops; Glaucoma; Meibomian gland dysfunction; Topical medications.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Antihypertensive Agents
Dry Eye Syndromes* / drug therapy
Glaucoma* / drug therapy
Humans
Intraocular Pressure
Ophthalmic Solutions / therapeutic use
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Tears

Substances

Antihypertensive Agents
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Ophthalmic Solutions