Impact of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in healthy aging: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Lorenzo Lippi; Francesca Uberti; Arianna Folli; Alessio Turco; Claudio Curci; Francesco d'Abrosca; Alessandro de Sire; Marco Invernizzi

doi:10.1007/s40520-022-02203-y

Impact of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in healthy aging: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Aging Clin Exp Res. 2022 Nov;34(11):2659-2674. doi: 10.1007/s40520-022-02203-y. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Authors

Lorenzo Lippi^{1

2}, Francesca Uberti³, Arianna Folli⁴, Alessio Turco⁴, Claudio Curci⁵, Francesco d'Abrosca⁴, Alessandro de Sire⁶, Marco Invernizzi^{4

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy. lorenzolippi.mt@gmail.com.
² Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy. lorenzolippi.mt@gmail.com.
³ Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.
⁴ Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
⁵ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantua, Italy.
⁶ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.
⁷ Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy.

PMID: 35920994
DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02203-y

Abstract

Background: To date, the mitochondrial function has been related to several pathways involved in the cellular aging process. Dietary supplements might have reciprocal and multilevel interactions with mitochondria network; however, no systematic review assessed the role of different nutraceuticals in mitochondria modification of healthy older adults.

Aim: To assess the effects of different dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in older adults.

Methods: On February 22, 2022, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were systematically searched from inception for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). According to PICO model, we considered healthy older adults as participants, nutraceutical treatment as intervention, any treatment as comparator, mitochondrial modifications as outcome. Jadad scale was used for the quality assessment.

Results: Altogether, 8489 records were identified and screened until 6 studies were included. A total of 201 healthy older adults were included in the systematic review (mean age ranged from 67.0 ± 1.0 years to 76.0 ± 5.6 years). The dietary supplements assessed were sodium nitrite, N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, hydrogen-rich water, nicotinamide riboside, urolithin A, and whey protein powder. Positive effects were reported in terms of mitochondrial oxidative and antioxidant capacity, volume, bioenergetic capacity, and mitochondrial transcriptome based on the nutritional supplements. The quality assessment underlined that all the studies included were of good quality.

Discussion: Although dietary supplements might provide positive effects on mitochondria modifications, few studies are currently available in this field.

Conclusion: Further studies are needed to better elucidate the reciprocal and multilevel interactions between nutraceuticals, mitochondria, and environmental stressors in healthy older adults.

Keywords: Aging; Dietary supplements; Mitochondria; Muscle; Precision medicine; Rehabilitation.

Publication types

Systematic Review
Review

MeSH terms

Aged
Dietary Supplements
Fatty Acids, Omega-3*
Healthy Aging*
Humans
Mitochondria
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Substances

Fatty Acids, Omega-3