Picking apart p values: common problems and points of confusion

Abstract

Due to its frequent misuse, the p value has become a point of contention in the research community. In this editorial, we seek to clarify some of the common misconceptions about p values and the hazardous implications associated with misunderstanding this commonly used statistical concept. This article will discuss issues related to p value interpretation in addition to problems such as p-hacking and statistical fragility; we will also offer some thoughts on addressing these issues. The aim of this editorial is to provide clarity around the concept of statistical significance for those attempting to increase their statistical literacy in Orthopedic research.