Background: The 5-times chair stand test (5CST) is a proxy tool for measuring physical performance and muscle strength in diagnosing sarcopenia. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 guidelines recommends the 5CST for evaluating gait speed, whereas the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People guidelines recommend the chair stand test as a proxy for muscle strength.
Aims: This study sought to determine whether the chair stand test correlates with handgrip strength and gait speed, and investigate sex differences in these relationships.
Methods: We used data collected from 1416 participants (678 men and 738 women) in the 2017 Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).
Results: The 5CST time had a higher correlation with gait speed (r = - 0.470) than handgrip strength (r = - 0.309). In addition, 5CST time predicted low gait speed (area under the curve [AUC] 0.727) better than low handgrip strength (AUC 0.641). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed were 10 s for men (sensitivity 62%, specificity 64%) and 11 s for women (sensitivity 68%, specificity 67%). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST for low handgrip strength were the same as those for low gait speed (10 s for men and 11 s for women).
Conclusions: The 5-times chair stand test fits with gait speed and handgrip strength but seems to be a better proxy of gait speed than handgrip strength. The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed and low handgrip strength were lower in men than women. Although none of the AWGS 2019 or EWGSOP guidelines present sex-specific cutoffs for the 5CST, it needs to be considered in the next guidelines.
Keywords: Chair stand test; Gait speed; Handgrip strength; Muscle strength; Physical performance; Sarcopenia.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.