Utilization of gut environment-mediated control system of host immunity in the development of vaccine adjuvants

Zilai Liu; Koji Hosomi; Jun Kunisawa

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.031

Utilization of gut environment-mediated control system of host immunity in the development of vaccine adjuvants

Vaccine. 2022 Aug 26;40(36):5399-5403. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.031. Epub 2022 Jul 30.

Authors

Zilai Liu¹, Koji Hosomi², Jun Kunisawa³

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan.
² Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Japan.
³ Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Japan; Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Japan. Electronic address: kunisawa@nibiohn.go.jp.

PMID: 35918205
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.031

Abstract

Vaccination is one of the most powerful strategies for the preventive and therapeutic control of infectious diseases and other diseases such as cancer. To maximize the effectiveness of vaccines, it is necessary to modify the immune responses by means of adjuvants. The gut environment, including commensal bacteria and dietary components, has been proven to be able to mediate host immunity. An understanding of gut microbiota-related regulation of immune responses has revealed the potential adjuvanticity of particular microbiota-derived compounds, driving exploration into their development as vaccine adjuvants. In this review, we discuss how commensal bacteria and compounds derived from them regulate host immune responses, and we propose the potential application of these compounds as vaccine adjuvants.

Keywords: Alcaligenes lipid A; Commensal microbiota; Vaccine adjuvant.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adjuvants, Immunologic
Adjuvants, Vaccine
Bacteria
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Vaccination
Vaccines*

Substances

Adjuvants, Immunologic
Adjuvants, Vaccine
Vaccines