Effects of Strontium on the Structural, Optical, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba2Ti9O20 Ceramics Synthesized by a Mixed Oxide Route

Asad Ali; Abid Zaman; Abdullah Hasan Jabbar; Vineet Tirth; Ali Algahtani; Aiyeshah Alhodaib; Ihsan Ullah; Sara J Ahmed; Mohammed Aljohani

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c02733

Effects of Strontium on the Structural, Optical, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀ Ceramics Synthesized by a Mixed Oxide Route

ACS Omega. 2022 Jul 13;7(29):25573-25579. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02733. eCollection 2022 Jul 26.

Authors

Asad Ali^{1

2}, Abid Zaman², Abdullah Hasan Jabbar³, Vineet Tirth^{4

5}, Ali Algahtani^{4

5}, Aiyeshah Alhodaib⁶, Ihsan Ullah¹, Sara J Ahmed⁷, Mohammed Aljohani⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, Government Post Graduate college Nowshera, Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 24100, Pakistan.
² Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
³ Optical Department, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Al-Muthanaa, Samawah 0000, Iraq.
⁴ Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Asir Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University Guraiger, Abha 61413, Asir P.O. Box No. 9004, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College,Babylon 0000, Iraq.
⁸ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Solid solutions of Sr-doped barium nonatitanate (Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀) ceramics were synthesized by a mixed oxide route, studied their structural, microstructural, optical, and microwave dielectric properties were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been used to reveal the structure and crystallite size of doped Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀ ceramics. Rietveld refinements of XRD patterns revealed that all of the ceramics have a tetragonal structure with space group I4/m. The surface morphologies of all the samples were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) studies gave the O-H and Ti-O modes of vibrations. The stretching modes of Ti-O and O-H were noted at 1400, 2960, 3700, and near to 440 cm^-1, respectively. The band gap energy decreases with increasing Sr²⁺ contents, and a high value (2.12 eV) was observed in the base sample. The microwave dielectric properties of the ceramic samples were studied at different frequencies ranging from 1 to 2 GHz by using impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results showed the suitability of these samples for microwave dielectric resonator (antenna) applications.