Synthesis of Boron-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanosheets by Using Phyllanthus Emblica Leaf Extract: A Sustainable Environmental Applications

Awais Khalid; Pervaiz Ahmad; Saleh Muhammad; Abdulhameed Khan; Mayeen Uddin Khandaker; Md Mottahir Alam; Mohd Asim; Israf Ud Din; Jibran Iqbal; Ibad Ur Rehman; Zohaib Razzaq; Sivakumar Pandian; Rohit Sharma; Talha Bin Emran; M I Sayyed; Saad Aldawood; Abdelmoneim Sulieman

doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.930620

Synthesis of Boron-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanosheets by Using Phyllanthus Emblica Leaf Extract: A Sustainable Environmental Applications

Front Chem. 2022 Jul 12:10:930620. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.930620. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Awais Khalid¹, Pervaiz Ahmad², Saleh Muhammad¹, Abdulhameed Khan³, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker^{4

5}, Md Mottahir Alam⁶, Mohd Asim⁷, Israf Ud Din⁸, Jibran Iqbal⁹, Ibad Ur Rehman¹, Zohaib Razzaq¹, Sivakumar Pandian¹⁰, Rohit Sharma¹¹, Talha Bin Emran^{12

13}, M I Sayyed¹⁴, Saad Aldawood¹⁵, Abdelmoneim Sulieman¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan.
² Department of Physics, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
³ Department of Biotechnology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
⁴ Center for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
⁵ Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
⁶ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
¹⁰ School of Petroleum Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India.
¹¹ Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
¹² Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
¹³ Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
¹⁴ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
¹⁵ Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁶ Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The use of Phyllanthus emblica (gooseberry) leaf extract to synthesize Boron-doped zinc oxide nanosheets (B-doped ZnO-NSs) is deliberated in this article. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows a network of synthesized nanosheets randomly aligned side by side in a B-doped ZnO (15 wt% B) sample. The thickness of B-doped ZnO-NSs is in the range of 20-80 nm. B-doped ZnO-NSs were tested against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli. Against gram-negative bacterium (K. pneumonia and E. coli), B-doped ZnO displays enhanced antibacterial activity with 26 and 24 mm of inhibition zone, respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), and tenth value layer (TVL) of B-doped ZnO were investigated as aspects linked to radiation shielding. These observations were carried out by using a PTW^® electron detector and VARIAN^® irradiation with 6 MeV electrons. The results of these experiments can be used to learn more about the radiation shielding properties of B-doped ZnO nanostructures.

Keywords: anti-bacterial; bio nanoparticles; bioremediation; boron-doping; environmental applications; green synthesis; nanobiotechnology.