Development of a Multi-Enzymatic Approach for the Modification of Biopolymers with Ferulic Acid

Archontoula Giannakopoulou; Georgia Tsapara; Anastassios N Troganis; Panagiota Koralli; Christos L Chochos; Angeliki C Polydera; Petros Katapodis; Nektaria-Marianthi Barkoula; Haralambos Stamatis

doi:10.3390/biom12070992

Development of a Multi-Enzymatic Approach for the Modification of Biopolymers with Ferulic Acid

Biomolecules. 2022 Jul 17;12(7):992. doi: 10.3390/biom12070992.

Authors

Archontoula Giannakopoulou¹, Georgia Tsapara¹, Anastassios N Troganis², Panagiota Koralli³, Christos L Chochos³, Angeliki C Polydera¹, Petros Katapodis¹, Nektaria-Marianthi Barkoula⁴, Haralambos Stamatis¹

Affiliations

¹ Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
² Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
³ Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
⁴ Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.

Abstract

A series of polymers, including chitosan (CS), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and a chitosan-gelatin (CS-GEL) hybrid polymer, were functionalized with ferulic acid (FA) derived from the enzymatic treatment of arabinoxylan through the synergistic action of two enzymes, namely, xylanase and feruloyl esterase. Subsequently, the ferulic acid served as the substrate for laccase from Agaricus bisporus (AbL) in order to enzymatically functionalize the above-mentioned polymers. The successful grafting of the oxidized ferulic acid products onto the different polymers was confirmed through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Additionally, an enhancement of the antioxidant properties of the functionalized polymers was observed according to the DDPH and ABTS protocols. Finally, the modified polymers exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against bacterial populations of Escherichia coli BL21DE3 strain, suggesting their potential application in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity; antioxidant activity; cellulose; chitosan; enzymatic cross-linking; ferulic acid; feruloyl esterase; gelatin; laccase; xylanase.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biopolymers
Chitosan* / chemistry
Coumaric Acids / chemistry
Coumaric Acids / pharmacology
Escherichia coli
Polymers

Substances

Biopolymers
Coumaric Acids
Polymers
Chitosan
ferulic acid

Grants and funding

This research has been co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH–CREATE-INNOVATE (project code: T2EDK-01410).