Effects of staining and artificial aging on optical properties of gingiva-colored resin-based restorative materials

Vesna Miletic; Branka Trifković; Dejan Stamenković; Rubens Nisie Tango; Rade Dušan Paravina

doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04643-2

Effects of staining and artificial aging on optical properties of gingiva-colored resin-based restorative materials

Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Nov;26(11):6817-6827. doi: 10.1007/s00784-022-04643-2. Epub 2022 Jul 26.

Authors

Vesna Miletic¹, Branka Trifković², Dejan Stamenković³, Rubens Nisie Tango⁴, Rade Dušan Paravina⁵

Affiliations

¹ Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia. vesna.miletic@sydney.edu.au.
² Clinic for Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
³ Private Practice, Belgrade, Serbia and John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴ Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, State University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry at Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil and, John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
⁵ Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics and John M Powers, PhD, Houston Center for Biomaterials and Biomimetics (HCBB), University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate CIEDE2000/CIELAB differences in color (ΔE₀₀/ΔE_ab), and translucency parameter (ΔTP₀₀/ΔTP_ab), and gloss of gingiva-colored resin-based restorative materials upon staining/aging.

Materials and methods: Disc-shaped, 10 mm in diameter, and 2-mm-thick samples (n = 5/group) were made from giomer (Beautifil II gingiva), oligomer-based (crea.lign GUM gel), CAD/CAM polymethyl-methacrylate-based (IvoBase CAD), PMMA-based (ProBase Hot), and dimethacrylate-based (SR Nexco Paste Gingiva). Color and gloss were recording using a benchtop spectrophotometer and gloss meter, respectively, at baseline (T0), and upon staining in coffee or red wine for 60 (T1) and 120 h (T2), or artificial aging of 150 kJ/m² (T1) and 300 kJ/m² (T2). Three-way analysis of variance (materials x staining conditions x time intervals), Tukey's test (α = 0.05), and Pearson's correlation test were used in analytical statistics.

Results: CIEDE2000 color differences ranged from 1.0 to 4.4 (coffee), 1.5 to 5.3 (wine), and 0.9 to 2.0 after artificial aging, with ΔE₀₀ values being significantly higher for Beautifil than other materials (p < 0.05). ΔTP₀₀ values ranged from 0.2 to 0.7 and were statistically higher upon staining in wine compared to artificial aging (p < 0.05). Gloss values at T0 were 76.7-87.0. Beautifil exhibited the lowest gloss retention (50.8-60.2%) after staining, compared to > 90% of other materials (p < 0.05). ΔE₀₀/ΔE_ab and ΔTP₀₀/ΔTP_ab were positively correlated (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Color, translucency, and gloss changes of gingiva-colored restorative materials were material- and staining/aging-dependent. Generally, wine caused greatest changes in color (with IvoBase CAD being the most color stable) and translucency parameter. All materials except Beautifil gingiva II exhibited staining- and aging-dependent gloss retention greater than 90% for all compared time intervals.

Clinical relevance: Optical properties of resin-based gingiva-colored restorative materials depend on material, staining/aging conditions, and exposure time. Certain materials should be avoided in individuals with high consumption of red wine and coffee.

Keywords: Artificial aging; Color; Composites; Gingiva-colored; Gloss; Translucency.

MeSH terms

Coffee*
Color
Composite Resins*
Dental Materials
Gingiva
Humans
Materials Testing
Staining and Labeling
Surface Properties

Substances

Composite Resins
Coffee
Dental Materials