Objective: To investigate the clinical features, pathological types, imaging features, and surgical strategies of lateral skull base benign tumors with intracranial invasion. Methods: From January 2011 to March 2021, 36 patients of lateral skull base benign tumors with intracranial invasion were included in this retrospective study. Among the 36 patients, 14 cases were male, 22 cases were female, the aged range from 20-67, with the median age of 48. The clinical manifestations, characteristic imaging findings, pathological types, surgical approach selection, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: 36 cases of lateral skull base tumors with intracranial invasion were all accepted surgeries. 23 cases were neurogenic tumors, facial nerve tumors (n=8), neurogenic tumors in jugular foramen with unknown origin(n=6), hypoglossal schwannoma (n=3), transotic intralabyrinthine schwannoma (n=3), vestibular schwannoma involving the middle ear(n=2), vagal nerve schwannoma(n=1). Other types of tumors included meningioma (n=10) and paraganglioma (Di 1 or 2,n=3). Different pathological types of tumors had different clinical manifestations and imaging manifestations. Sixteen cases were subjected to primary resection, while, other 20 cases underwent staged operation. Among the patients with staged operation, 10 patients had completed the second stage operation, five patients were waiting for the second stage operation, the other five patient's residual intracranial tumor were significantly reduced and the space between tumor and brain tissues widened after the first stage operation, so, the following up with "wait and scan"policy was suggested. The total resection rate of tumors was related to the pathological nature, in which neurogenic tumors were 15/17, and meningiomas were 5/8. The main postoperative complications were cerebrospinal fluid leakage and infection in the operation area. There were two cases of postoperative intracranial infection, and three cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in non staged operation cases. Conclusions: Lateral skull base tumors with intracranial invasion are rare. The most common pathological type is schwannoma, followed by meningioma and paraganglioma. For this type of tumor, if there is infection in the operation area and neck invasion is large, it is suggested to choose staged surgery, which can reduce the risk of intracranial infection and the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Staged surgery strategy can also reduce the difficulty of second stage surgery, so the operation is much safer than non staged surgery.
目的： 探讨侧颅底区域颅内外沟通良性肿瘤的临床特点、病理类型、影像学特点和手术策略。 方法： 回顾性分析2011年1月至2021年3月，山东省耳鼻喉医院收治的36例侧颅底区域颅内外沟通良性肿瘤患者的临床资料，其中男性14例，女性22例，年龄20~67岁，中位年龄48岁。总结患者症状、影像学特征性表现、病理类型、病变的发生发展规律、手术治疗策略以及预后等。 结果： 36例侧颅底颅内外沟通肿瘤患者均接受手术治疗，其中神经源性肿瘤23例（面神经鞘瘤8例、来源不明的颈静脉孔区神经鞘瘤6例、舌下神经鞘瘤3例、跨耳囊型迷路内听神经瘤3例、侵犯中耳的听神经瘤2例、迷走神经鞘瘤1例），脑膜瘤10例，Di1-2期副神经节瘤3例。不同病理类型的肿瘤，其临床表现不同，影像学特征也有较大差异。一期手术切除16例，分期手术20例；分期手术患者中10例已完成二期手术，5例待行二期手术，另外5例患者一期术后颅内残存肿瘤较前明显缩小，或者颅内残存肿瘤退缩、外移，与脑组织间隙增宽，患者选择随访观察。肿瘤全切率与病理性质有关，神经源性肿瘤全切比例为15/17，脑膜瘤全切比例相对较低（5/8）。术后的主要并发症为脑脊液漏和术区感染，2例术后感染均为颅内感染，3例脑脊液漏均发生于非分期手术病例。 结论： 侧颅底颅内外沟通肿瘤临床较为少见，病理类型以神经鞘瘤为主，其次为脑膜瘤和副神经节瘤。对于该类型肿瘤，如果术区合并感染以及颈部侵犯范围较广泛者，建议分期手术，可以降低术后颅内感染风险以及脑脊液漏的发生率，并降低二期手术颅内部分肿瘤切除的难度，提高安全性。.