Functional interplay between long non-coding RNAs and Breast CSCs

Bashdar Mahmud Hussen; Ramiar Kamal Kheder; Sara Tharwat Abdullah; Hazha Jamal Hidayat; Heshu Sulaiman Rahman; Abbas Salihi; Mohammad Taheri; Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard

doi:10.1186/s12935-022-02653-4

Functional interplay between long non-coding RNAs and Breast CSCs

Cancer Cell Int. 2022 Jul 21;22(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12935-022-02653-4.

Authors

Bashdar Mahmud Hussen^{1

2}, Ramiar Kamal Kheder^{3

4}, Sara Tharwat Abdullah⁵, Hazha Jamal Hidayat⁶, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman^{7

8}, Abbas Salihi⁹, Mohammad Taheri^{10

11}, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard¹²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil , Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
² Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq.
³ Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.
⁴ Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, KGR, Iraq.
⁵ Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.
⁶ Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
⁷ Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq.
⁸ Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq.
⁹ Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
¹⁰ Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad.taheri@uni-jena.de.
¹¹ Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. Mohammad.taheri@uni-jena.de.
¹² Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. s.ghafourifard@sbmu.ac.ir.

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) represents aggressive cancer affecting most women's lives globally. Metastasis and recurrence are the two most common factors in a breast cancer patient's poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cells that are able to self-renew and differentiate, which is a significant factor in metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) describe a group of RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and do not have the ability to code for proteins. Some of these lncRNAs can be mainly produced in various tissues and tumor forms. In the development and spread of malignancies, lncRNAs have a significant role in influencing multiple signaling pathways positively or negatively, making them promise useful diagnostic and prognostic markers in treating the disease and guiding clinical therapy. However, it is not well known how the interaction of lncRNAs with CSCs will affect cancer development and progression.Here, in this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings that focus on lncRNAs affect cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in breast cancer development and progression, as well as the strategies and challenges for overcoming lncRNA's therapeutic resistance.

Keywords: Breast CSC (BrCSC); Breast cancer (BC); Cancer stem cells (CSCs); Therapeutic resistance; lncRNAs.

Publication types

Review