Garcicowanones C-E, three new hydrated-geranylated xanthones from the roots of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy, and their α-glucosidase inhibition activities

Nguyen Thi Kim An; Nguyen Van Hien; Nguyen Thi Thuy; Doan Lan Phuong; Ha Gia Bach; Nguyen Thanh Tra; Nguyen Quang Tung; Pham Thi Tham; Bui Huu Tai; Tran Thi Thu Thuy

doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2098956

Garcicowanones C-E, three new hydrated-geranylated xanthones from the roots of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy, and their α-glucosidase inhibition activities

Nat Prod Res. 2023 Oct-Nov;37(21):3668-3676. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2098956. Epub 2022 Jul 20.

Affiliations

¹ Hanoi University of Industry, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.
² Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Vietnam.
³ Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, VNU, Hanoi, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁴ Institute of Chemistry, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁵ Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam.

PMID: 35856477
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2098956

Abstract

Three new xanthones, garcicowanones C-E (1 - 3), and six known xanthones (4 - 9) were isolated from the roots of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy. Their chemical structures were determined using spectroscopic technics, including HR-ESI-MS and 2 D NMR. All isolated compounds were evaluated for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition. Cowanol (6) and norcowanin (8) had the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with respective IC₅₀ values of 33.5 ± 0.8 and 17.2 ± 0.3 µM, compared with the positive control, acarbose (IC₅₀ 257.3 ± 4.8 µM).

Keywords: Garcinia cowa; antidiabetic activity; garcicowanone C; garcicowanone D; garcicowanone E; α-glucosidase.