Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation in Early Childhood Mediates Racial Disparities in Blood Pressure in a College Student Sample

J Youth Adolesc. 2022 Nov;51(11):2146-2160. doi: 10.1007/s10964-022-01658-6. Epub 2022 Jul 19.

Abstract

The influence of childhood contexts on adult blood pressure is an important yet understudied topic. Using a developmental perspective, this study examines the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage in early childhood (0-5 yrs), middle childhood (6-12 yrs) and adolescence (13-18 yrs) on subsequent blood pressure in young adulthood. Data were from 263 college students (52% Black; Mage = 19.21 years) and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was measured using a tract-level Area Deprivation Index. Neighborhood disadvantage in early childhood was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure and explained 22% of the race difference between Black and White adults. The findings are consistent with the notion that early childhood may be a sensitive period for the effects of neighborhood disadvantage on blood pressure.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Child development; Early childhood; Health disparities; Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Humans
  • Racial Groups*
  • Residence Characteristics*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Students
  • Young Adult