Small-Molecule Quenchers for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer: Structure, Mechanism, and Applications

Bin Fang; Yu Shen; Bo Peng; Hua Bai; Limin Wang; Jiaxin Zhang; Wenbo Hu; Li Fu; Wei Zhang; Lin Li; Wei Huang

doi:10.1002/anie.202207188

Small-Molecule Quenchers for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer: Structure, Mechanism, and Applications

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Oct 10;61(41):e202207188. doi: 10.1002/anie.202207188. Epub 2022 Sep 8.

Authors

Bin Fang^{1

2}, Yu Shen¹, Bo Peng¹, Hua Bai¹, Limin Wang¹, Jiaxin Zhang¹, Wenbo Hu¹, Li Fu^{1

2}, Wei Zhang³, Lin Li^{1

4}, Wei Huang^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
³ Teaching and Evaluation Center of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
⁴ The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.

PMID: 35852404
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207188

Abstract

For fluorogenic probes, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is one of the most widely used mechanisms to realize the detection of biochemical activities. Dark quenchers relax from the excited state to the ground state non-radiatively, and are promising alternatives to fluorescent FRET acceptors. Small-molecule (dark) quenchers have been widely used as acceptors in FRET-based probes to monitor various physiological processes with minimum background signal. Herein, we summarize the relevant advances of small-molecule quenchers that are used in FRET-based probes. This Review is intended to provide suggestions regarding the rationale design and selection of appropriate fluorophore-quencher FRET pairs, which are fully compatible with challenging analytical applications in various biological systems. Finally, an outlook of the future biomedical applications and developments of this field is presented.

Keywords: Activity-Based Probes; Bio-Imaging; Bio-Molecular Assays; Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET); Quenchers.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer*
Fluorescent Dyes* / chemistry

Substances

Fluorescent Dyes