Plasma cell leukemia presenting as spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome with hypercalcemia

Abstract

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency in which tumor cells undergo lysis either spontaneously or due to the initiation of cancer therapy typically presenting with hypocalcemia. We described a 62-year-old male patient with spontaneous TLS and hypercalcemia without a known malignancy, who is later discovered to have plasma cell leukemia.

Keywords: calcium; hypercalcemia; leukemia; plasma cell leukemia; spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome; tumor lysis syndrome.