One-step synthesis of lead zirconate titanate particles using a solid-state reaction method

Darmawan Hidayat; Mohammad Taufik; Setianto Setianto

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09125

One-step synthesis of lead zirconate titanate particles using a solid-state reaction method

Heliyon. 2022 Mar 21;8(3):e09125. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09125. eCollection 2022 Mar.

Authors

Darmawan Hidayat¹, Mohammad Taufik¹, Setianto Setianto²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang km. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia.
² Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang km. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia.

Abstract

This study aims to determine the one-step synthesis of lead zirconate titanate (PbZr_(1-x)Ti_xO₃; PZT) particles, using a solid-state reaction method. These particles were synthesized at x of 0.48, using a solid-state reaction (SSR) method at various operating temperatures of 700-1000 °C. Before the reaction in a muffle furnace, the precursor powder was shaker milled for 2 h. The structural analysis of the diffraction patterns showed the formation of the PZT perovskite particles. It also showed the evolution from the tetragonal phase (at 800 and 900 °C) to the coexistence of tetragonal and rhombohedral stages in samples synthesized at 1000 °C. Furthermore, the crystallite particle size synthesized and commercialized at 1000 °C were 36.00 and 47.98 nm, respectively. These showed the formation of monodispersed size distribution, with an average of approximately 4.7 μm. Therefore, the PZT particles were successfully synthesized through a one-step synthesis, using the SSR method with a pre-mixed shaker milling.

Keywords: Ceramic material; Perovskite; Piezoelectric; Shaker milling; Solid-state reaction.