Tetrodotoxins in the flatworm Planocera multitentaculata

Rei Suo; Makoto Tanaka; Hikaru Oyama; Yuki Kojima; Kentaro Yui; Ryo Sakakibara; Ryota Nakahigashi; Masaatsu Adachi; Toshio Nishikawa; Haruo Sugita; Shiro Itoi

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.07.001

Tetrodotoxins in the flatworm Planocera multitentaculata

Toxicon. 2022 Sep:216:169-173. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.07.001. Epub 2022 Jul 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan. Electronic address: suo.rei@nihon-u.ac.jp.
² Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan.
³ Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
⁴ Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
⁵ Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan. Electronic address: sitoi@nihon-u.ac.jp.

PMID: 35843466
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.07.001

Abstract

The marine polyclad flatworm Planocera multitentaculata is known to possess high levels of tetrodotoxin (TTX), but the presence of TTX analogues in the species has been unexplored. In this study, TTX and several analogues such as 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, monodeoxyTTXs, dideoxyTTXs, and 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol were identified in three adults and egg plates of P. multitentaculata using high resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HR-LC/MS) for the first time.

Keywords: Pufferfish; Tetrodotoxin; Tetrodotoxin analogues; Toxic flatworm.

MeSH terms

Animals
Chromatography, Liquid / methods
Mass Spectrometry
Platyhelminths*
Tetrodotoxin / analysis

Substances

Tetrodotoxin