Racial and ethnic disparities in arrhythmia care: A call for action

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
• ² Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Loma Linda University Hospital, Loma Linda, California.
• ³ Division of Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
• ⁴ Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute and Research Foundation, Overland Park, Kansas.
• ⁵ Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
• ⁶ Heart Rhythm Services, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
• ⁷ Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Los Angeles, California.
• ⁸ Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
• ⁹ Division of Cardiology, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
• ¹⁰ Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Georgia Arrhythmia Consultants, Macon, Georgia.
• ¹¹ Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Service, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Williamsport, Williamsport, Pennsylvania.
• ¹² Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
• ¹³ Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey.
• ¹⁴ Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
• ¹⁵ Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute and Research Foundation, Overland Park, Kansas. Electronic address: dhanunjaya.lakkireddy@hcahealthcare.com.