Myoinositol in Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Sabrina Rosaria Paparo; Silvia Martina Ferrari; Armando Patrizio; Giusy Elia; Francesca Ragusa; Chiara Botrini; Eugenia Balestri; Fabrizio Guarneri; Salvatore Benvenga; Alessandro Antonelli; Poupak Fallahi

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.930756

Myoinositol in Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 28:13:930756. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.930756. eCollection 2022.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
² Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
³ Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
⁴ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
⁵ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
⁶ Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
⁷ Interdepartmental Program of Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology and Women's Endocrine Health, University Hospital Policlinico "G. Martino", Messina, Italy.
⁸ Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Abstract

Myoinositol (Myo) is an isoform of inositol, a cyclic polyol with 6 hydroxyl groups. Myo is mainly derived from dietary intake while its endogenous production is generated from glucose by enzymatic reactions. Moreover, Myo is also synthesized de novo by catabolism of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphoinositides (PIP), and inositol phosphates (IP). Myo has a determinant role in thyroid function and autoimmune diseases as it regulates iodine organification and thyroid hormone biosynthesis by the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in thyrocytes. Depletion of Myo that is involved in the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) signaling pathway, may cause the development of thyroid diseases such as hypothyroidism. TSH levels significantly decreased in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, with or without autoimmune thyroiditis, after treatment with Myo plus Selenium (Myo+Se). In addition to TSH, antithyroid autoantibodies are reduced. This review summarizes the role of Myo in the thyroidal physiology and its role in the management of some thyroid diseases.

Keywords: CXCL10; autoimmune thyroiditis; chemokines; hypothyroidism; myoinositol.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Hashimoto Disease* / complications
Humans
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hypothyroidism* / drug therapy
Inositol / therapeutic use
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune* / complications
Thyrotropin

Substances

Inositol
Thyrotropin
Hydrogen Peroxide