Background: Stent thrombosis (ST)-related ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has very high mortality and poor prognosis. With the extensive construction of the chest pain center in China, the question arises as to whether these special patients will benefit.
Methods: From January 2015 to February 2018, 316 patients with STEMI admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) of Tianjin Chest Hospital after coronary stent implantation were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent coronary angiography. According to whether STEMI was due to ST, these patients were divided into either a ST group (n=247) or a non-ST group (n=69). The in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), including all-cause mortality, re-ST, target vessel revascularization (TVR), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) within the 1-year follow-up were compared between the two groups.
Results: 78% of cases of STEMI following coronary stent implantation were caused by ST. The in-hospital mortality of the ST group was 0.8% and that of the non-ST group was 1.4% (P>0.05). Forty-two cases had MACEs in the 1-year follow-up, with a higher incidence in the ST group compared to the non-ST group (15.4% vs. 5.8%, P=0.038). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a lower 1-year event free survival (EFS) in the ST group compared to the non-ST group (84.6% vs. 94.2%, P=0.035). Age over 80-years-old, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) were all independent risk factors for MACE.
Conclusion: ST is the leading cause of STEMI in patients following coronary stent implantation. There was no significant difference in mortality between the ST group and the non-ST group during hospitalization, with a worse prognosis in the ST group during the 1-year follow-up.
Keywords: Stent thrombosis (ST); major adverse cardiac events (MACEs); percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
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