1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Orthopedic Building, Suite 204-G, 1611 W. Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. Dino_Samartzis@rush.edu.
2 International Spine Research and Innovation Initiative (ISRII), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. Dino_Samartzis@rush.edu.
3 Spine Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland.
4 Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University Medical Centre, Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm, Germany.