Phase Ib Study of the BET Inhibitor GS-5829 as Monotherapy and Combined with Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Sep 15;28(18):3979-3989. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0175.

Abstract

Purpose: A phase Ib study (1604) was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GS-5829, an oral bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor, alone and in combination with enzalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A phase I study (1599) in solid tumors/lymphoma was also conducted.

Patients and methods: Men with confirmed mCRPC and disease progression despite abiraterone and/or enzalutamide treatment were enrolled in a 3 + 3 dose escalation paradigm starting at 2 mg daily with GS-5829 alone and in combination with 160 mg daily enzalutamide. The primary efficacy endpoint was nonprogression rate at week 24; secondary endpoints included prostate-specific antigen reduction from baseline, progression-free survival, and GS-5829 pharmacokinetics (PK). PK and safety were also evaluated in Study 1599.

Results: Thirty-one men, with a median of five prior regimens, received at least 1 dose of study drug in Study 1604. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) were reported in 94% of patients; 16% discontinued for TEAEs. There were no dose-dependent increases in the AUCtau or Cmax after once-daily administration of GS-5829 2 to 9 mg, and biomarkers CCR2 inhibition and HEXIM1 induction were increased only at higher doses of monotherapy. A high degree of interpatient variability existed across all doses in PK and pharmacodynamic parameters. The proportion with nonprogression at week 24, estimated by Kaplan-Meier model, was 25% (95% confidence interval, 10-42) for all treated patients.

Conclusions: GS-5829 was generally tolerated but demonstrated limited efficacy and lack of dose proportional increases in plasma concentrations in patients with mCRPC.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Benzamides
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nitriles / therapeutic use
  • Phenylthiohydantoin
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / pathology
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • HEXIM1 protein, human
  • Nitriles
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Phenylthiohydantoin
  • enzalutamide
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen