Au NPs decorated holey g-C3N4 as a dual-mode sensing platform of SERS and SALDI-MS for selective discrimination of L-cysteine

Abstract

Development of reliable sensing strategy combining surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) is of significant interest to distinguish cysteine enantiomers in body fluid for understanding their physiological roles and toxicity hazards. In this work, a SERS/SALDI-MS dual-mode sensing platform of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) decorated holey carbon nitride (hg-C₃N₄) was fabricated for sensitive detecting cysteine. The designed Au@hg-C₃N₄ matrix featured a uniform distribution of Au NPs with the help of anchoring effect of hg-C₃N₄ holey structure, which was conducive to produce highly repeatable signals. Moreover, the combination of Au NPs and holey g-C₃N₄ endowed this matrix with superior enrichment capacity, enhanced charge transfer and strong UV absorption. These merits allowed the matrix to acquire high sensitivity and enhanced reproducibility for l-cysteine by means of SERS/SALDI-MS. Likewise, reliable detection of l-cysteine and efficient recognition of d-cysteine in human serum jointly revealed its prospect for detecting cysteine enantiomers in body fluids. This work offers a reliable SERS/SALDI-MS strategy for determining L/D-cysteine enantiomers, and the designed Au@hg-C₃N₄ matrix becomes a potential application candidate for selective detection of bio-enantiomers.

Keywords: Cysteine; Gold nanoparticles; SALDI-MS; SERS; holey g-C(3)N(4).