1 Program on Ethics and Decision Making in Critical Illness; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address: douglas.white@pitt.edu.
2 Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; The Greenwall Foundation, New York, NY.
3 Section of General Internal Medicine, MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, Center for the Study of Race, Politics and Culture, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.