RLLB/Alb ratio: a promising noninvasive diagnostic marker in assessing esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients

J Clin Lab Anal. 2022 Aug;36(8):e24589. doi: 10.1002/jcla.24589. Epub 2022 Jul 8.

Abstract

Background: Endoscopy has long been widely used to screen for esophageal varices (EV) in cirrhotic patients. Recurrent endoscopy is a significant burden for the healthcare system of the endoscopic unit as well as uncomfortable and high costs for patients. This study intended to prognosticate Right Liver Lobe Diameter/Serum Albumin Ratio (RLLD/Alb) as a non-invasive approach in the early diagnosis of EV among chronic liver disease (CLD) Bangladeshi patients enrolled in a specific hospital.

Participants and methods: A total of 150 admitted patients with CLD were included in the study. Patients were subjected through a comprehensive biochemical checkup and upper digestive endoscopic or ultrasonographic inspection. The correlation was evaluated between the RLLD/Alb ratio and esophageal varices grades.

Results: The upper digestive endoscopy demonstration among 150 patients resulted in no EV in 18%, while 24% of patients was identified as EV grade I, 20% as grade II, 20% as grade III, and 18% patients as grade IV. The mean value of the RLLD/Alb ratio was 4.89 ± 1.49 (range from 2.30 to 8.45). The RLLD/Alb ratio diagnosed the EV employing the cut-off value of 4.01 with 85.3% sensitivity and 68.8% specificity. Furthermore, it was positively correlated with the grading of EV, when this ratio increased the grading of EV increases and vice versa (r = 0.630, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The RLLD/Alb ratio is a non-invasive parameter giving exact guidance relevant to the ascertainment of the existence of EV and their grading in chronic liver disease patients.

Keywords: esophageal varices (EV); liver cirrhosis; right liver lobe diameter/serum albumin ratio; ultrasonography; upper digestive endoscopy.

MeSH terms

  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices* / diagnosis
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices* / etiology
  • Humans
  • Liver / anatomy & histology
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications
  • Liver Cirrhosis / diagnosis
  • Serum Albumin / analysis

Substances

  • Serum Albumin