Experimental Investigation and Parametric Optimization of the Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Process Parameters of Dissimilar Metals

Anteneh Teferi Assefa; Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed; Sagr Alamri; Abhilash Edacherian; Moera Gutu Jiru; Vivek Pandey; Nazia Hossain

doi:10.3390/ma15134426

Experimental Investigation and Parametric Optimization of the Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Process Parameters of Dissimilar Metals

Materials (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;15(13):4426. doi: 10.3390/ma15134426.

Authors

Anteneh Teferi Assefa¹, Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed^{1

2}, Sagr Alamri³, Abhilash Edacherian³, Moera Gutu Jiru¹, Vivek Pandey¹, Nazia Hossain⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia.
² Center of Excellence (COE) for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.

Abstract

Special attention is required when joining two materials with distinct chemical, physical and thermal properties in order to make the joint bond robust and rigid. The goal of this study was to see how significantly different tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process parameters (welding current, gas flow rate, root gap, and filler materials) affect mechanical properties (tensile, hardness, and flexural strength), as well as the bead width and microstructural properties, of dissimilar welds In comparison to SS 316 and AISI 1020 low-carbon steel. TIG welding parameters were optimized in this study using a Taguchi-based desirability function analysis (DFA). From the experimental results, it was observed that welded samples employing ER-309L filler wires had a microstructure consisting of a delta ferrite network in an austenite matrix. The tensile strength experimental results revealed that welding current, followed by GFR, was a highly influential parameter on tensile strength. Weld metals had higher hardness and flexural strength than stainless steel and carbon steel base metals. This was supported by the fact that the results of our tests had hardness ratings greater than a base for the FZ and HAZ, and that no crack was observed in the weld metal following U-shape flexural bending. Welding current has a significant impact on the bead width of welded specimens, followed by root gap. Furthermore, the dissimilar welded sample responses were optimized with a composite desirability percentage improvement of 22.90% by using a parametric setting of (A2B4C4D2). Finally, the validation of the experiment was validated by our confirmation test results, which agreed with the predictive optimum parameter settings.

Keywords: dissimilar metal; gas tungsten arc welding; mechanical properties; microstructure properties; multi-response optimization.

Grants and funding

R.G.P 2/125/43./The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia for funding this work through the Research Group Program under grant no. R.G.P 2/125/43.