Rational design of electrode materials with an excellent structure and morphology is crucial for improving electrochemical properties. Herein, various unique nanostructured Bi2S3 materials with controllable morphology were obtained through a simple and efficient oil bath reaction strategy. Bi2S3 with different morphologies can be obtained by regulating the polarity of solvent, and the lattice spacing can also be adjusted. The Bi2S3 nanomaterials obtained with ethanol as solvent (BS-3) show a three-dimensional nanoflower-like structure assembled with porous layers. The unique structure facilitates the transport of ions and accommodates the volume variation of Bi2S3 during energy storage. Consequently, BS-3 nanoflowers exhibited superior cycling stability and excellent high-rate capability for lithium storage (maintained a high capacity of 923.8 mA h g-1 after 950 cycles at 1.0 A g-1) and excellent sodium storage. We provide guidance for precise synthesis and energy storage application of Bi2S3 nanomaterials.